Genetic improvement of brassica napus by wide hybridisation. Towards a canola quality resynthesized rapeseed brassica. Among these three subgenomes, we observed biased gene fractionation gene losing. The first meiosis of resynthesized brassica napus, a genome blender article pdf available in new phytologist 186 1. Introgression lines had 79% higher dna content, were meiotically stable, and had almost normal pollen fertilityseed set. Origins of the amphiploid species brassica napus l.
Diversity analysis by the use of molecular markers has. Resynthesis of brassica napus is an important tool for the broadening of genetic diversity as well as crop cultivar improvement in oilseed rape. Development of new restorer lines for cms ogura system. Cytogenetics and germplasm enrichment in brassica allopolyploids. Mechanism of saltinduced selfcompatibility dissected by. The brassica genus consists of approximately 100 species, including species brassica napus l. Resynthesized lines and cultivars of brassica napus l. Although resynthesized lines do not meet the elite rapeseed standards, they are a.
The resynthesized and natural brassica allopolyploids, particularly b. Polyploid formation pathways have an impact on genetic. Pdf efficient resynthesis of oilseed rape brassica napus l. Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of bgenome. Transcriptome analysis of brassica napus pod using rnaseq. Brassica oleracea cc, 2n 18 and brassica rapa aa, 2n 20 1. Specieswide genome sequence and nucleotide polymorphisms. Resynthesis of brassica napus aiming for improved earliness and.
Efforts to develop low erucic character in several brassica species led to the discovery of lowerucic acid mutants in the species brassica rapa aa, b. Extending the rapeseed genepool with resynthesized. Heterokaryons could be microscopically distinguished from the parental types by their dark green chloroplasts in the colourless hypocotyl protoplast. Natural resources conservation service plant guide field. To study the dynamics of genome change, we synthesized 49 isogenic brassica napus allopolyploids and surveyed them with 76 restriction. This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk assessment of genetically modified forms of the species that may be released into the australian environment. Contents list of publications 7 abbreviations 11 1 introduction 1. Patterns of sequence loss and cytosine methylation within. The cabbage stem weevil ceutorhynchus pallidactylus mrsh. Genetic diversity, genetic resources and crop evolution, 2012, pp.
Sexual and somatic brassica napus hybrids produced from the same parental plants were compared. Reconstituting the genome of a young allopolyploid crop, brassica. Genetic diversity in brassica napus and association. Plant science, 43 1986 155162 155 elsevier scientific publishers ireland ltd. Show 1 mbp show 500 kbp show 200 kbp show 100 kbp show 50 kbp show 20 kbp show 10 kbp show 5 kbp show 2 kbp show 1 kbp show 200 bp show 100 bp flip. Therefore, the use of resynthesized brassica napus as a distant gene pool was investigated. Extending the rapeseed gene pool with resynthesized brassica. Methodology of brassica napus resynthesis it has been difficult to obtain interspecific hybrids between b.
Brassica napus introgression lines ils, having bgenome segments from b. Brassica napus, germplasm, brassica rapa, brassica juncea, cytogenetics. Brassica nigra bb, 2 n 16 interspeci c cross female male no. Brassica have become one of the most important vegetable oil resources worldwide because of substantial progress in breeding and cultivation practices. Thus, additional developments are needed before rs b. The narrow genetic base of oilseed rape brassica napus l 2n 38. Brassica napus was synthesized by hybridization between its diploid progenitor species b. Seed was developed with lower levels of erucic acid and glucosinolates to make the oil safer for human consumption canola council of canada, 2012. Brassica napus linnaeus is a yellow flowering member of the brassicacae family figure 114. Pdf efficient resynthesis of oilseed rape brassica. Pdf the first meiosis of resynthesized brassica napus, a. Synthetic brassica napus l development and studies on.
Brassica species represent important crops providing a major source of cooking oil, vegetables and condiments across many countries. Canola are a group of rapeseed cultivars which were bred to have very low levels of erucic acid and are especially prized for use for human and. Resynthesis of brassica napus aacc was achieved by hybridizing brassica juncea aabb with brassica carinata bbcc. Efficient resynthesis of oilseed rape brassica napus l. It is well adapted to long day photoperiods, however, it does not adapt well to short day subtropical regions. However, a major problem with the direct use of rs b.
Resynthesis of brassica carinata by protoplast fusion and. Widening the genetic pool of oilseed rape through the. Brassica napus oilseed rape, canola is one of the worlds most important sources of vegetable oil for human nutrition and biofuel, and also a. Brassica carinata 2n34, bbcc, was synthesized by fusing dark grown etiolated hypocotyl protoplasts of b. This was facilitated by spontaneous chromosome doubling in.
The highest number of amphihaploid individuals in vitro were obtained in those cases where the apetalous line was used as b. Oilseed rape brassica napus aacc is naturally selfcompatible in contrast to its parental species that are generally selfincompatible. A global survey of the transcriptome of allopolyploid. It is thought to have originated from a cross where the maternal. Observation on chromosome behavior during meiosis of.
The yield of mechanically harvested rapeseed brassica napus l. A global survey of the transcriptome of allopolyploid brassica napus based on single. Although hostplant resistance is a key tool in integrated pest management systems, resistant genotypes are not yet available for this species. Brassica napus genome aacc, a natural allotetraploid derived from hybridization between b. Production of high yield short duration brassica napus by. Resynthesis of brassica juncea aabb, 2 n 36 though in vitro culture of ovules of brassica rapa aa, 2 n 20.
First report for the resynthesis of brassica napus by recombining a and c genome from b. Analysis of organelle genomes in a somatic hybrid derived. The need of broadening genetic diversity in spring canola brassica napus breeding programs seems to be the general consensus among canola breeders and researchers. Brassica napus is a leading oilseed crop throughout many parts of the world. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by bees. Identification of the likely ancestors of each of the two genomes designated a and c found in b. Allopolyploid formation requires the adaptation of two nuclear genomes within a single cytoplasm, which may involve programmed genetic and epigenetic changes during the initial generations following genome fusion. The species relationship of cultivated brassicas was described by the triangle of u with the three amphidiploid brassica species b. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study focusing on the crossability, regeneration, and early verification of hybrids between diploid winter turnip rapes brassica rapa ssp. The yield of mechanically harvested rapeseed brassica. Dissection of the genetic architecture underlying oilrelated biological processes will greatly facilitates the genetic improvement of rapeseed. Resynthesis of brassica napus aiming for improved earliness and carried out by different approaches. Brassica napus li jun, fang xiaoping, wang zhuan, luo lixia, li jun, hu qiong institute of oil crops research, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, wuhan 430062, china email.
Pdf resynthesis of brassica napus is an important tool for the broadening of genetic diversity as well as crop cultivar improvement in oilseed rape find. The amphiploid species brassica napus oilseed rape, canola is a globally important oil crop yielding food, biofuels and industrial compounds such as lubricants and surfactants. The differential gene expression during pod development offers a snapshot on the genes responsible for oil accumulation in. Extending the rapeseed genepool with resynthesized brassica. The name cruciferous comes from the shape of its flowers, which have four diagonally opposite petals in the form of a cross. Resynthesis of brassica napus through hybridization. Resynthesis of the amphidiploid species brassica napus has been useful in plant breeding by increasing the current address. A method for production of interspecific hybrids within. Brassica napus anancncn is an important worldwide oilseed crop, but it is a young allotetraploid with a.
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